By Charlene Rodrigues

Torn by a lack of cultural identity, a Schwarzkopf or “Darkhead” is the word European born immigrants use to define themselves in Austria.

Arman T. Riahi’s documentary of the same name is a portrait of immigrant life in Austria, and follows Nazar, an Austro-Iranian 25-year-old rapper, as he and his friends try to find a voice through hip-hop on the issues affecting their lives: a lack of opportunity, a cultural identity crisis, poverty, and growing up in a district under severe economic and social conditions.

The Q&A session followed by the screening of the film gave rise to an intense discussion of stereotypes and migration issues, not only in Austria, but also neighbouring France, Holland, Germany and Hungary.

Having once lived in 10th district, director Arman T. Riahi said he could identify with being a second-generation immigrant and growing up in a rough area, until his life took a different route when he moved to live with his brother and pursue university studies.

“The main star in the film Nazar is a protagonist. I know him from 10th district. He was a refugee from Iran, and our families knew each other, ” he said.

“Back then I spent a lot of time in the streets myself, but I wasn’t part of the children that were delinquent. I wasn’t like that but my friend had been to prison, ” he said.

What started out as an experiment for Riahi, eventually led to something insightful and entertaining. When asked about his objective for making such a film, he said:

“I wanted this documentary to realistically reflect their lives. I wanted these immigrant children to have a platform to express themselves”

“Also once these guys are stuck on an estate, they have nowhere else to go. They are stereotyped as criminals. “

About the idea, Riahi said, “I was sensing the rise of the immigrant rap scene and then I saw Nazar’s video on youtube that had over a hundred thousand hits. When I first proposed the idea to him and his friends, I didn’t get a positive response.”

However, it didn’t take long for the two to reconcile their different life experiences.

“We sat together for weeks and he told me about his life. I then tried to visualise the scenes when he was young and life in the streets as a kid to re-create some of the scenes,”said Riahi.

Many in the audience appreciated the film was not restricted to being filmed in one area and reflected many ethnicities.

Questions were raised about the education system in Austria, and Austrian politics.

“Essentially if politics doesn’t catch up with identity problems, then these kids will always remain Turkish.” Riahi said.

An audience member said:

“Well really it’s a chicken and egg situation.  The reason for Austrian hostility is the viewpoint that if you are a foreigner in our country, it is you who has to integrate into society, speak the language, etc. “

Britain is no stranger to issues on migration with so many ethnic minorities. It left many in the room wondering, while advances in transport and communications are turning the world into a global village – why is all this still an issue?

What I found difficult to figure out whilst I was out there on assignment was, why do 30 percent of white Austrians feel that life is so dreadful that they have to vote for the far right ? The streets are squeeky clean and relatively empty even in rush hour , the standard of living appears relatively high, there’s a low crime rate and the immigrant population doesn’t exactly appear to be taking over.

I live in central London and know what a densely populated multicultural city with a large immigrant population looks like, and Vienna certainly isn’t it. So Why, why why ? In this day and age do I find it sickening that anyone could even contemplate voting for the likes of Strache or Haider.  “Central Europeans are different” people say, is this true? Do the inhabitants of central Europe have a disposition towards Nazism, are the Germanic tribes inherently racist?

Apart from whinging about the number of Turks in their country, immigrants from the former Yugoslavia also had the finger pointed at them for putting a strain on Austria’s resources. So except for the widespread xenophobia towards people originating from countries with an Islamic background that we witnessed, in fact anyone who isn’t Austrian,  whatever their complexion is to blame for the occasional crisp packet that is seen gently blowing down a Viennese street on a chill Autumn day, noisy neighbours that make you have to close your windows on a summers evening, waiting lists for social housing etc etc.

How dreadful for them! I remember as a child in Notting Hill having to close my bedroom window when the Spanish family down the road had their weekly, and rather nosiy family Sunday lunch in the garden, or when the reggae sound system set up outside our home rehearsed early on a Sunday morning for the Carnival. Did I wait with baited breath until I reached the age of 18 to run down to the nearest polling station and vote for the NF or BNP? No of course not, because in Britain I like to think that we tolerate other cultures and sometimes even embrace them.

What is worrying me though, with the credit crunch becoming more serious as the days go by and it’s spread across the globe, and the long term fight against Islamic fundamentalism, could this phenomenon become worse? Could a tide of xenophobia sweep across Europe as it has in the past? Political views  tend to polarize to the extremes when times are tough. Even in England perhaps? It’s not a rare sight to see headlines in the right wing press in Britain about  “floods” of immigrants from Eastern Europe undercutting the workforce and straining our welfare state. Similar sentiments to those expressed by many, but not all, on the streets of Vienna. In fact those same papers wrote similar headlines about Jewish immigrants in the 1930’s. Could this happen elsewhere in Europe?

Now you might accuse me of being unfair towards Austrians, in fact 70 percent of the country voted for the more liberal parties, and that is true. We met plenty of nice Austrians who had no problem with living in a tolerant, multi cultural society , our translator and guide, himself a journalist, expressed the more liberal, majority view of the Austrian public. But 29% is still a large chunk of the population and many of them are young voters who care not about Austria’s murky past and it’s most famous son.

Austrians we spoke to who admitted to voting for Strache’s Freedom Party, often started their sentences, with “I’m not a racist but… “a line I’ve heard many times myself spoken before following up with some racist vitriol. Many spoke of “protest” voting to force the ruling mainstream social democrats and conservatives into rethinking some of it’s policies towards immigration, perhaps that’s all it is, a protest vote, as happened in France several years back when Le Pen’s party shocked the nation with a large share of the vote in the primaries before floundering in the main election. But it’s a dangerous gamble nonetheless for Austria, this was a general election and the far right are now a force to be reckoned with in the heart of Europe.